{"id":71427,"date":"2022-05-19T12:09:12","date_gmt":"2022-05-19T09:09:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/?p=71427"},"modified":"2022-07-03T02:27:11","modified_gmt":"2022-07-02T23:27:11","slug":"dunyadaki-bitkisel-besinlerin-dortte-ucu-polen-tasiyan-canlilar-sayesinde-elde-ediliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/dunyadaki-bitkisel-besinlerin-dortte-ucu-polen-tasiyan-canlilar-sayesinde-elde-ediliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyadaki bitkisel besinlerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc, polen ta\u015f\u0131yan canl\u0131lar sayesinde elde ediliyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Meyve, sebze ve kahvenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fcnyadaki besinlerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc, ar\u0131, kelebek, b\u00f6cek gibi polen ta\u015f\u0131yan canl\u0131lar sayesinde elde ediliyor.<\/h4>\n

D\u00fcnyada ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunun azalmas\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak i\u00e7in 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana 20 May\u0131s “D\u00fcnya Ar\u0131 G\u00fcn\u00fc” olarak kutlan\u0131yor. Modern ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc ve alan\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir uzman olarak bilinen Slovenyal\u0131 Anton Jansa’n\u0131n do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc olmas\u0131 nedeniyle bu tarih, D\u00fcnya Ar\u0131 G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak ilan edildi.<\/p>\n

Bal ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tozla\u015fmadaki \u00f6nemli pay\u0131<\/h3>\n

Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler G\u0131da ve Tar\u0131m \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (FAO) internet sitesinde yer alan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca, gezegendeki en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan canl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda yer alan ar\u0131lar\u0131n, insanlara, bitkilere ve \u00e7evreye b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan bahsediliyor.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar besinlerini elde etmek amac\u0131yla \u00e7i\u00e7ekten \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fe gezerken ayn\u0131 zamanda bitkilerdeki tozla\u015fmaya da arac\u0131l\u0131k ediyor. Hatta yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki polen al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funu sa\u011flayan ar\u0131lar, ekosistemin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en kritik rollerden birini oynuyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7i\u00e7ekli bitkilerin y\u00fczde 90’\u0131 b\u00f6cekler, ku\u015flar ve memeli hayvanlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla tozla\u015f\u0131yor. Polinat\u00f6r olarak isimlendirilen tozla\u015fma sa\u011flayan canl\u0131lar i\u00e7inde b\u00f6cekler, b\u00f6cekler i\u00e7inde de ar\u0131lar \u00f6nemli paya sahip.<\/p>\n

Meyve, sebze ve kahvenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fcnyadaki bitkisel besinlerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc, ar\u0131, kelebek, b\u00f6cek gibi polen ta\u015f\u0131yan canl\u0131lar sayesinde elde ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Polenleri bir \u00e7i\u00e7ekten di\u011ferine ta\u015f\u0131yan ar\u0131lar ve di\u011fer tozlay\u0131c\u0131lar, sadece bol miktarda meyve, f\u0131nd\u0131k ve tohum \u00fcretimini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve beslenmeye katk\u0131da bulunan daha \u00e7e\u015fitli ve daha iyi kalitede \u00fcretim yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek olarak, kay\u0131s\u0131daki tozla\u015fman\u0131n y\u00fczde 56’s\u0131n\u0131 bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 yap\u0131yor. 50 kilogram meyve veren bir kay\u0131s\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n, 28 kilogram meyvesi bal ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n polinasyonuyla sa\u011flan\u0131yor. Ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle do\u011fada bulunan bal ar\u0131lar\u0131 olmasayd\u0131 bir kay\u0131s\u0131 a\u011fac\u0131ndan al\u0131nabilecek meyve miktar\u0131 22 kilogram olacakt\u0131. Polinasyon s\u00fcrecinde bitkinin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 nektar ve polen, bal ar\u0131lar\u0131nca toplanarak koloni geli\u015fimi ve besin kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131rken bal ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 polinasyon sayesinde de bitkilerin tohum ve meyve verimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyor.<\/p>\n

Tozla\u015fman\u0131n k\u00fcresel y\u0131ll\u0131k de\u011feri y\u00fcz milyarca avro<\/h3>\n

Avrupa G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kurumundan (EFSA) yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamada, Avrupa Birli\u011fi’nde yeti\u015fen mahsullerin \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun b\u00f6cek tozla\u015fmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediliyor. Tozla\u015fman\u0131n biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak i\u00e7in temel de\u011ferinin \u00f6tesinde, tozla\u015fman\u0131n k\u00fcresel y\u0131ll\u0131k de\u011ferinin y\u00fcz milyarlarca avro oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar\u0131n ekolojik ve ekonomik de\u011feri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sadece yerel veya ulusal olarak de\u011fil, k\u00fcresel olarak da sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ar\u0131 stoklar\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesine ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesine ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu vurgulayan EFSA, son 10 ila 15 y\u0131lda, \u00f6zellikle Fransa, Bel\u00e7ika, \u0130svi\u00e7re, Almanya, \u0130ngiltere, Hollanda, \u0130talya ve \u0130spanya gibi Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde ar\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fand\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u015fekilde azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Ar\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131ndaki azalman\u0131n tek bir nedene ba\u011fl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn etkili oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor. Ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonun azalmas\u0131nda yo\u011fun tar\u0131m ve pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131, vir\u00fcsler, patojenler ve istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca habitat kayb\u0131 gibi \u00e7evresel de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin etkili oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacaklar aras\u0131nda, ev ve bah\u00e7elerde b\u00f6cek ilac\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131 azalt\u0131lmas\u0131, plans\u0131z \u015fehirle\u015fmenin engellenmesi, do\u011fal alanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131, tar\u0131mda zirai ila\u00e7laman\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve organik tar\u0131m\u0131n daha fazla yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00fclkeler baz\u0131nda stratejik \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131, yeni nesillerde do\u011fa bilincinin yerle\u015fmesi amac\u0131yla programlar d\u00fczenlenmesi ve ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetleri i\u00e7in daha fazla te\u015fvik olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gibi unsurlara dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n

Bilinen ilk ar\u0131 fosili 100 milyon ya\u015f\u0131nda<\/h3>\n

U\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fcz binlerce polen ta\u015f\u0131yarak bitkilerin \u00fcremesini sa\u011flayan ar\u0131lar, milyonlarca y\u0131ld\u0131r kutuplar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinde varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Myanmar’da 2020’de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, 100 milyon y\u0131ll\u0131k kehribar kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde ar\u0131 ve polen fosili bulundu. Myanmar\u2019\u0131n Hukawng Vadisi’ndeki bir madende yap\u0131lan ke\u015fifle, 100 milyon y\u0131l \u00f6nce bir a\u011fa\u00e7 re\u00e7inesine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131p fosille\u015ferek \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fczle\u015fen bal ar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, ilk \u00f6rnek oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor.<\/p>\n

Kehribarda polen kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n da tespit edilmesi, ar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lmeden hemen \u00f6nce \u00e7i\u00e7eklerden polen ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finin bek\u00e7ileri: Ar\u0131lar<\/h1>\n
\n

Prof. Dr. Fulya \u00d6zdil, ar\u0131lar\u0131 korumam\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011fimizi korumak oldu\u011funu ve ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerine deste\u011fin artmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtti.<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n

Ar\u0131lar\u0131n ekosistem \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve ar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 konusunda fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yaratmak i\u00e7in 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana 20 May\u0131s \u201cD\u00fcnya Ar\u0131 G\u00fcn\u00fc\u2019\u2019 olarak kutlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar, insanlar\u0131n dengeli ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmeleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli g\u0131da maddeleri \u00fcretmenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bitkilerde sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tozla\u015fma ile de ekolojik dengenin korunmas\u0131 ve tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6neme sahip.<\/p>\n

Anadolu Ajans\u0131 muhabirinin Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler \u00c7evre Program\u0131 (UNEP) verilerinden derledi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya g\u0131da \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 90\u2019\u0131, 100 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcnden elde ediliyor. Bu bitki t\u00fcrlerinin 70’i de ar\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan tozla\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyuyor.<\/p>\n

Yani bal ar\u0131lar\u0131, insano\u011fluna bal, polen, propolis ve ar\u0131 s\u00fct\u00fc gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnleri vermenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yapt\u0131klar\u0131 polinasyon ile bitkisel \u00fcretimde miktar ve kaliteyi de y\u00fckseltiyor.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Ar\u0131larla birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemiz gerekiyor”<\/strong><\/p>\n

AA muhabirine 20 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Ar\u0131 G\u00fcn\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131klamalarda bulunan Tekirda\u011f Nam\u0131k Kemal \u00dcniversitesi Tar\u0131msal Biyoteknoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ve \u0130stanbul Medeniyet \u00dcniversitesi Biyom\u00fchendislik B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. Fulya \u00d6zdil, ar\u0131lar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerine deste\u011fin artmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zdil, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n

“Ar\u0131lardan korkmamal\u0131y\u0131z, ar\u0131lar i\u011fnesi olup tehlike an\u0131nda soktu\u011fu i\u00e7in biz korkuyoruz asl\u0131nda ama hakikaten ar\u0131lar bizim hayat\u0131m\u0131zda olmak zorunda. Onlar\u0131 sevip korumal\u0131y\u0131z ve ger\u00e7ekten ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerine destekler artmal\u0131. Hem kar getiren bir i\u015f kolu, hem de bizim ar\u0131lara \u00e7ok ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Ekosistemi, \u00e7evreyi, do\u011fay\u0131 korumak ad\u0131na ar\u0131larla birlikte ya\u015famay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmemiz gerekiyor.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Ar\u0131lar d\u00f6llenmezse tozla\u015fma olmaz, bitki olmaz, hayvan olmaz, sonunda da insan olmaz”<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00d6zdil, ar\u0131lar\u0131n ekosisteme en b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan tozla\u015fman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme s\u00fcreciyle ilgili \u015fu bilgileri verdi:<\/p>\n

“Bitkisel \u00fcretimde meyve olu\u015fumu i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fin ya kendi polenleriyle ya da ba\u015fka bitkilerin polenleriyle d\u00f6llenmesi gerekir. Bundan sonra meyve olu\u015fumu ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Bu, ar\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir i\u015flemdir. Normal \u015fartlarda r\u00fczgarla da olabilir ama gezdikleri her \u00e7i\u00e7ekten polen, nektar toplad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 zamanda polenleri getirip di\u011fer \u00e7i\u00e7eklere de aktarabildikleri i\u00e7in ar\u0131lar\u0131n polinasyonda \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir etkisi var. Ar\u0131lar, bu noktada di\u011fer b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6ceklerden daha \u00f6n planda.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

“Ar\u0131lar yok olursa insano\u011flu \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayacak”<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00dcnl\u00fc bilim insan\u0131 Einstein’\u0131n “Ar\u0131lar olmazsa insanl\u0131k ancak 4 y\u0131l ya\u015fayabilir” dedi\u011fini aktaran \u00d6zdil, “Ar\u0131lar tozla\u015fma yapmazsa bitki olmaz, hayvan olmaz, sonunda da insan olmaz.\u00a0Tabii bu 4 y\u0131l biraz iddial\u0131… Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc teknolojilerle belki bu 4 y\u0131l de\u011fildir. \u015eu an itibariyle \u00e7ok daha uzun s\u00fcre belki hayatta kalabiliriz ama ger\u00e7ekten ar\u0131lar olmazsa \u00f6ncelikle ekosistemde d\u00f6llenme, yabanc\u0131 tozla\u015fma dedi\u011fimiz s\u00fcre\u00e7 olmayacak. O zaman da bitkisel \u00fcretimde verimimiz azalacakt\u0131r.\u00a0Yani ar\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00fczerinden yok olmas\u0131 durumunda insano\u011flu ham madde temini ve besin maddesi bulma noktas\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayacak.”\u00a0dedi.<\/p>\n

Harvard \u00dcniversitesi’nden Samuel Myers’\u0131n 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya at\u0131fta bulunan \u00d6zdil, “Onun yorumuna g\u00f6re ar\u0131lar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n yok olmas\u0131, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 y\u0131lda 1 milyon 420 bin gibi insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebep olacak \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc d\u00fcnyada meyve \u00fcretiminin y\u00fczde 22 oran\u0131nda azalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. Bu da sebze \u00fcretiminde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015flere, tah\u0131l \u00fcretiminde y\u00fczde 22’lik bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fe neden olacak. Bu ne anlama geliyor? Bitkisel \u00fcretimde g\u0131da ham maddesini kaybediyoruz demek. G\u0131da ham maddesini kaybetmemiz demek besin kaybetmemiz demek. \u015eu anda kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z yetmiyor, daha da azalacak demek.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ar\u0131lara zararlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ar\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden fakt\u00f6rlerden birinin kullan\u0131lan tar\u0131m ila\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011funu dile getiren \u00d6zdil, kimyasal kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n minimumda tutulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izerek \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmede bulundu:<\/p>\n

“Ar\u0131lar en \u00e7ok kimyasal maddelerden olumsuz etkileniyor. Ar\u0131lar\u0131n ham madde toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yani nektar ve polen toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer bitkiler oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in e\u011fer ki o ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bitkide kimyasal bir m\u00fccadele yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa yani insektisitler, b\u00f6cek \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc ya da pestisit yabanc\u0131 ot m\u00fccadelesi yap\u0131ld\u0131ysa ve orada kimyasal kal\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 varsa bitki \u00fczerinde ar\u0131lar\u0131 etkiliyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ar\u0131lar bu kimyasallara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131 de\u011fil. Kimyasallar\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde koloniye g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar ve koloni kayb\u0131 ya\u015fanabiliyor. Bundan 2-3 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7ok ciddi anlamda koloni \u00f6l\u00fcmleri s\u00f6z konusu oldu, bir anda bir bal ar\u0131s\u0131 kolonisinin yok oldu\u011funu, tamamen s\u00f6nd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rd\u00fck. Kayna\u011f\u0131 hep ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve ar\u0131lar\u0131n toplu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin kimyasal kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.”<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’de ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye’de 2015-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda i\u015fletme say\u0131s\u0131, toplam kovan say\u0131s\u0131, bal \u00fcretimi, balmumu \u00fcretimi ve bal verimine ili\u015fkin rakamlar \u015fu \u015fekilde:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
YIL<\/td>\n\u0130\u015eLETME SAYISI (ADET)<\/td>\nKOLON\u0130 SAYISI (ADET)<\/td>\nBAL \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130 (TON)<\/td>\nBALMUMU \u00dcRET\u0130M\u0130 (TON)<\/td>\nBAL VER\u0130M\u0130 (KG\/KOLON\u0130)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2015<\/td>\n83.475<\/td>\n7.748.287<\/td>\n108.128<\/td>\n4.756<\/td>\n13,96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2016<\/td>\n84.047<\/td>\n7.900.364<\/td>\n105.727<\/td>\n4.440<\/td>\n13,38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2017<\/td>\n83.210<\/td>\n7.991.072<\/td>\n114.471<\/td>\n4.488<\/td>\n14,32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2018<\/td>\n81.830<\/td>\n8.108.424<\/td>\n107.920<\/td>\n3.987<\/td>\n13,31<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2019<\/td>\n80.675<\/td>\n8.128.360<\/td>\n109.330<\/td>\n3.971<\/td>\n13,45<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2020<\/td>\n82.845<\/td>\n8.179.418<\/td>\n104.077<\/td>\n3.765<\/td>\n12,72<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2021<\/td>\n89.361<\/td>\n8.733.394<\/td>\n96.344<\/td>\n3.766<\/td>\n11,03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Tar\u0131msal Ekonomi ve Politika Geli\u015ftirme Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020 verilerine g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnyada toplam kovan miktar\u0131nda ilk s\u0131rada yer alan Hindistan, 12,2 milyon kovan ile %13\u2019l\u00fck paya sahip. 9,2 milyon kovan ile %9,8 paya sahip \u00c7in ikinci s\u0131rada ve 8,2 milyon kovan ile %8,7 paya sahip T\u00fcrkiye ise \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. Toplam kovan say\u0131lar\u0131nda 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re Hindistan\u2019da %0,3, \u00c7in\u2019de %0,4 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise %0,6 oran\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n

2020 y\u0131l\u0131 d\u00fcnya bal \u00fcretiminde %25,9\u2019luk paya sahip olan \u00c7in, 458 bin ton \u00fcretimle ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, %5,9\u2018luk paya sahip T\u00fcrkiye 104 bin ton ile ikinci, %4,5\u2019lik pay ile \u0130ran ise 80 bin ton ile \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Kaynak: AA<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Meyve, sebze ve kahvenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra d\u00fcnyadaki besinlerin d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc, ar\u0131, kelebek, b\u00f6cek gibi polen…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,17438],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-manset","category-yasam"],"views":141,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71427","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71427"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71427\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71429,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71427\/revisions\/71429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71427"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=71427"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=71427"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}