\u0130stanbul, ABD merkezli yaz\u0131l\u0131m \u015firketinin yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2024 y\u0131l\u0131 raporunda New York’u geride b\u0131rakarak d\u00fcnya genelinde en yo\u011fun trafi\u011fe sahip \u015fehir olarak belirlendi.<\/p>\n
Kentte her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn artan motorlu ta\u015f\u0131t say\u0131s\u0131, trafikte ge\u00e7irilen saatleri uzat\u0131rken hava kalitesini azalt\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da kentte ya\u015fayan canl\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olumsuz etkileniyor.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Toros, AA muhabirine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu (T\u00dc\u0130K) verilerine g\u00f6re, kentte kay\u0131tl\u0131 ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 6 milyona yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Bunun \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011funu belirten Toros, “\u0130stanbul’da ki\u015filer yar\u0131m saatte gidecekleri yolu 1-2 saatte gidebiliyor. Bir ara\u00e7 yar\u0131m saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakken 2 saat \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Yine bir ara\u00e7 ne kadar \u00e7ok dur-kalk yaparsa atmosfere sald\u0131\u011f\u0131 emisyon miktar\u0131 o kadar art\u0131yor. Di\u011fer bir nokta, biz s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler asl\u0131nda do\u011fru ara\u00e7 kullanm\u0131yoruz. \u0130leride bir k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k var. Son noktaya kadar h\u0131zl\u0131 gidiyor, son anda frene bas\u0131yor veya ye\u015fil \u0131\u015f\u0131k yand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir anda gaza bas\u0131yoruz. Bir anda duru\u015flar, kalk\u0131\u015flar hem ciddi anlamda egzozdan hem de fren, balata ve lastikten kirleticilerin atmosfere \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131 bir araya getirdi\u011fimiz zaman \u0130stanbul’da artan trafik, atmosfere sald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kirletici miktar\u0131n\u0131, par\u00e7ac\u0131k madde ve karbonmonoksit miktar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131yor.” diye konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Toros, bu durumun insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da etkiledi\u011fini, motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n kirletti\u011fi havan\u0131n solunmas\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n beraberinde geldi\u011fini anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
V\u00fccuda en fazla giren maddenin hava oldu\u011funa dikkati \u00e7eken Toros, “Kalitesi d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck\u00e7e daha \u00e7ok kirli hava soluyoruz ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha olumsuz etkileniyor. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla her y\u0131l hava kalitesi sebebiyle 7 milyonun \u00fczerinde insan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden bahsediyor. V\u00fccuttan i\u00e7eriye giren o kirli hava ba\u015fta ci\u011ferlere, kalp damar yoluyla beyne kadar giden s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar ya\u015fat\u0131yor. Hem havay\u0131 kirletiyor hem de insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bozuyor. Onun i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerde ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma kullanmalar\u0131 veya evlerini i\u015f yerlerine yak\u0131n noktaya ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 \u00f6nem arz ediyor. Artan ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 do\u011frudan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, dolayl\u0131 olarak k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini tetikliyor.” ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Toros, 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llara bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130stanbul’da 3 haneli kirletici say\u0131lardan bahsedildi\u011fini, bunun \u015fimdilerde iki haneli say\u0131lara d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fakat hedefin tek haneliler oldu\u011funu kaydederek, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
“D\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, \u0130stanbul’daki ara\u00e7lar\u0131n bir \u015fekilde farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve trafikteki dur-kalk\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacak ama g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz ki \u0130stanbul’da her g\u00fcn ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131yor. Bu da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcndeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck engel. Bunu uzun vadede toplu ta\u015f\u0131maya ge\u00e7erek veya payla\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 ara\u00e7 kullanarak azaltabiliriz. K\u0131sa vadede bas\u0131n yay\u0131n organlar\u0131nda ara\u00e7larda verimli enerji nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r, bu konuda e\u011fitici, fark\u0131ndal\u0131k uyar\u0131c\u0131, duyarl\u0131l\u0131k artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor ki hepimiz biraz daha fark\u0131na varal\u0131m. Ara\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 daha verimli kullanal\u0131m. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki y\u0131llarda ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 artmaya devam ederse daha \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k meydana gelecek, daha \u00e7ok dur-kalk olacak, hem zaman anlam\u0131nda bizim zaman\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yiyecek hem daha fazla atmosferi kirletece\u011fi i\u00e7in ciddi anlamda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131larla ba\u015f ba\u015fa kalaca\u011f\u0131z.”<\/p>\n
\u0130stanbul’da arazi yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla de\u011fi\u015fime u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fehirdeki her bir arac\u0131n soba g\u00f6revi g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc vurgulayan Toros, egzozdan \u00e7\u0131kan kirletici gazlar\u0131n kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla atmosferin kimyasal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bozuldu\u011funun alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Toros, kentteki ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131n\u0131n dolayl\u0131 olarak kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebildi\u011fine i\u015faret ederek, “Atmosfere sald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z her bir kirletici do\u011frudan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 etkiliyor ama dolayl\u0131 etkileri de var. \u0130stanbul’da arazi yap\u0131s\u0131 tamamen de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f durumda, daha \u00e7ok asfalt, ara\u00e7 ve insan var. \u0130stanbul’daki her bir ara\u00e7 bir soba. Her bir arac\u0131n egzozundan kirletici gazlar, par\u00e7ac\u0131k maddeler ara\u00e7 hareket edince ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Bu par\u00e7ac\u0131k maddeler atmosfere kar\u0131\u015f\u0131yor ve atmosferin kimyasal yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriyor.” dedi.<\/p>\n
\u015eehirlerde arazi yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesinin g\u00fcne\u015ften gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde daha \u00e7ok hapsolmas\u0131na, yerin daha \u00e7ok \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7eken Toros, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/p>\n
“\u015eehirlerde, ‘\u015fehir \u0131s\u0131 adas\u0131’ dedi\u011fimiz bir kubbe meydana geliyor. Bu g\u00fcnlerde herkes kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 bekliyor. Kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in 0 dereceye yak\u0131n ya da daha alt\u0131nda s\u0131cakl\u0131k olmas\u0131 gerekiyor. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn, s\u0131cakl\u0131k \u0130stanbul merkezinde \u015fehir \u0131s\u0131 adas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 2 derece. Ara\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131 bu kadar olmasayd\u0131, s\u0131cakl\u0131k belki 0 dereceye d\u00fc\u015fecekti. Kar ya\u011facakken ya\u011fmur \u015feklinde ya\u011f\u0131yor, kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131na engel olabiliyor. Bu t\u00fcr yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da var. Biz sadece konforumuzu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. Bir yere gitmek i\u00e7in arac\u0131n egzozdan \u00e7\u0131kan kirletici atmosferimizde k\u0131sa vade veya uzun vadeli farkl\u0131 olumsuz etkilerle bizi kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya b\u0131rakabiliyor.”<\/p>\n
Kaynak: AA<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130stanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (\u0130T\u00dc) \u0130klim Bilimi ve Meteoroloji M\u00fchendisli\u011fi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. H\u00fcseyin…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":77515,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,17438],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-manset","category-yasam"],"views":27,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77514"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77514\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77516,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77514\/revisions\/77516"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.haberegider.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}